资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(新春走基层)内蒙古乡村振兴见闻:村强民富产业兴****** 中新网呼和浩特1月12日电 题:内蒙古乡村振兴见闻:村强民富产业兴 中新网记者 张林虎 过去10年,从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴,内蒙古自治区农村牧区面貌发生了翻天覆地的变化;从特色种养殖到“北果南卖”新思路,一幅农村美、农民富、产业兴的乡村振兴画卷在祖国北疆徐徐展开。 农村美:乡村要振兴 “新盖的羊圈不仅宽敞,还有接羔保育房,隔着玻璃就能看到每只羊的待产情况,冬天也不怕冻了。”12日,内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗忽鸡图乡麻黄洼村村民苏补云说。 四子王旗位于我国正北方,北与蒙古国接壤,国境线全长104公里,总面积2.55万平方公里,是典型的地广人稀地区。 图为养殖户正在为羊添加草料。 李宁 摄2022年,作为四子王旗乡村振兴示范村,麻黄洼村使用京蒙协作资金800万,建成了杜蒙肉羊育种联合体标准化繁育小区。 麻黄洼村党支部书记王俊平向中新网记者介绍,这个小区占地128亩,建设高标准羊舍36座,每座均配套青贮窖、储草棚、接羔保育房、储粪池等基础设施,集中回收羊粪生产有机肥,实现人居与牲畜饲养分开、生产区与生活区分离。 苏补云一直以养羊为生,随着人畜分离养殖小区的建成,他家的羊都乔迁了“新居”。“统一养殖、防疫、饲草料、回收,这种模式减轻了劳动强度,也增加了收入。” 如今的麻黄洼村,不仅有产业富民的“气质”,更有景美宜居的“颜值”。 据了解,2022年四子王旗共落实京蒙协作资金5659.5万元,实施乡村振兴示范村建设项目17个,目前已完成16个。 忽鸡图乡党委书记张文杰表示,明年要稳步扩大养殖规模,户均养殖基础母羊由30只扩大到60只,户均年纯收入由现在的5万元提高到10万元。“同时辐射带动本村其他农户和周边其他村农户加入养殖序列,增加养殖收入。”张文杰说。 农业强:产业现代化 在距离麻黄洼村1000公里之外的通辽市开鲁县义和沙拉村,米学娇正在指挥搬运工往冷藏车上搬运鸡心果。 “今天这车货是发往广州的。到现在为止,今年的销量已达到50余万斤,我们的鸡心果果香浓郁、口感甜脆,在南方销售得特别好。”米学娇说,因为有了冷库,实现了果品反季销售,效益也特别好。 米学娇夫妇从事彩钢门窗生意多年,随着家乡林果产业的发展,夫妻俩便有了“北果南卖”的想法。巧的是,村里当时正在争取冷藏库建设项目。 义和沙拉村党支部书记宫佳军介绍,村里有果树3800亩,其中2000亩正处盛果期。为延长果品上市时间、增加果农收入,村党支部领办的合作社与米学娇夫妇共同出资建设冷藏库。 2022年秋天,冷藏库投入使用,并高于市场价优先收购本村当季果品,收益按投资比例分成。 “每斤果能多卖约1元钱,果农每亩地能多收入400多元钱,村集体每年也能增收5万元。”宫佳军说,冷库的建成,让村里80多户果农销路不愁、增收无忧。 “我家有30多亩林地,栽的全都是鸡心果。外地客商收购价为每斤3.5元,我们村的冷库是每斤4.5元,而且不分等级,全都要。”在果农宫远辉看来,村委会通过发挥党支部的火车头作用和能人的示范带头作用,对果品进行“冷处理”,带来果农与村集体双增收的“热效应”。 资料图。图为鸡心果收购现场。 胡建华 摄农民富:生活有奔头 从精准扶贫户到致富带头人,5年时间,巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗永福村农民李锦的生活发生了日新月异的变化。 李锦原本的生活并不差,后来却因病致贫,2016年被列为精准贫困户。他靠着产业扶贫资金,买了一头成年奶牛开始发展养殖业。 清扫牛槽、加水喂草、整理圈舍……李锦每天都在牛圈里忙碌着。 好政策加上勤劳的双手,让李锦牛场的规模迅速扩大,他也摇身一变,从一头牛的小养殖户,变成了家庭牧场主。2019年,李锦的家庭牧场年收入近30万元。 图为米学娇(右)指挥果品出库。 胡建华 摄“脱贫要靠自己,要靠辛苦的劳动,不能有等靠要的思想,否则一辈子也富不起来。”这句话成了李锦的口头禅。 产业扶贫政策让李锦过上了好日子。他感恩党的扶贫政策,也感谢乡亲们的帮助和支持,自己脱贫后,把学到的养殖知识和积累的经验,向村民们倾囊相授,带动当地村民发展养牛。 “现在牛场实现了自繁自育,全村有200多户村民跟着我一起发展养殖业,打算将来慢慢把种群扩大,致富增收不是梦。”李锦说。(完)
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